Description

STROOD NORTH STREET
TQ 7369 SE
6/282 No 4
The Former Three
Gardeners Publich House
(formerly listed as No 6)

II
23.8.74
GV

Former public house. c1700 with late C19 and C20 alterations. Fire-damaged at time of re-inspection (2010).

MATERIALS: Red brick construction in English and Flemish bond, stuccoed to front. Roof covering of concrete tiles, and windows are timber sliding sashes.

PLAN: Single pile plan with a stair tower to the rear. Large end stack to the north and a smaller end stack to the south.

The original floor-plan is lost at ground floor but the position of the stair, the principal entrance, and the chimney stacks, suggest it comprised a central entrance hall with stair to the rear, and rooms leading off to the left and right. At first floor and garret level the layout is likely to be partially original, with rooms leading off from stair landings. The existing partition walls between rooms (largely damaged by fire at time of inspection) are generally modern, but at first floor two sections of in-and-out panel partitioning, partially fire-damaged, remain.

EXTERIOR: The front (west) elevation is rendered with stucco quoins to the corners and around the four irregularly-spaced first-floor two-over-two sash windows. To the ground floor is a fire-damaged pub frontage with Venetian windows either side of a central doorway, above is a fascia and cornice with corbels to either side.

The rear (east) elevation has exposed brickwork and uses vitrified headers to simple decorative effect. The elevation is dominated by the hip-roofed stair tower built in English bond; the main part of the elevation is built in Flemish bond. The elevation is partially hidden by a number of small extensions to the main building at ground floor, and to the stair tower at ground and first floors. At first floor there is a narrow casement window to the far left and right of the elevation.

INTERIOR: At ground floor the building is largely open-plan, although the stair tower has been enclosed and the lower part of the main stair removed. To the north of the stair tower a winder stair gives access to the landing between ground and first floor. To the east a modern flat-roofed extension provides a kitchen and toilet facilities. Above ground floor, the principal feature of note is the substantial open-well stair housed in the stair tower. The stair has been lost below the first landing, and is slightly truncated at the attic level, but survives well between these points. The stair has a closed string and barley twist balusters, which support a wide and deeply moulded handrail. At first floor there are sections of dado panelling in the stair-well. A number of fireplaces survive, but fire surrounds generally do not. Cupboards to either side of the substantial northerly first-floor fireplace were badly fire-damaged at the time of inspection. The cupboard to the right, lit by one of the narrow casement windows, was possibly a wig cupboard.

HISTORY: The building could have been built as a town house, for someone from the merchant or professional classes, or it could have been built as a small inn. In either case, the building appears to be in use as an inn by the end of the C18. The 1791 Universal British Directory lists victualler John Miller at the Old Three Gardeners in Strood, although no street address is given. References to the Jolly Gardeners and the Three Jolly Gardeners can be found in lists of licensed traders and directories for Strood during the early C19, and the first census return of 1841 lists victualler Samuel West at the Three Gardeners Inn in Cage Lane (North Street was known as Cage Lane until the mid C19). Although this is the first reference which links the name of 'Three Gardeners' to North Street, it seems likely from the map and written evidence, that No. 4 North Street has been in use as licensed premises since the late C18.

Licensed premises were not necessarily purpose-built in the C18; many were houses, with owners or tenants gaining a license to sell beer or wine, and often letting out rooms. It was not until the C19 that the public house evolved into a distinct building type, with an external shopfront and a bar counter inside. At this time, many existing establishments were remodelled to accommodate this new fashion. The front elevation of No. 4 North Street was remodelled in the late C19, and this included the insertion of a ground floor pub-frontage. The first Ordnance Survey map of 1866, prior to this remodelling, shows a short flight of steps to the centre of the front elevation, indicating that the principal entrance to the building was historically in the same position as it currently is. The 1866 map, and successive maps, shows the building had a range of out-buildings to the rear until at least the mid-C20.

In early 2009, the building suffered a significant fire, resulting in some considerable internal damage, particularly to the ground floor.

SOURCES:
Brandwood, G, Licensed to Sell: The History and Heritage of the Public House (2004)
Ordnance Survey map of Strood 1866
1791 Universal British Directory for Strood
Trades Licensed to trade and names of inns 1810-1811, Medway Archives and Local Studies Centre ref. RCA/N3/113
1823 Pigots Commercial Directory
1841 Census return

REASONS FOR DESIGNATION:
The former Three Gardeners Public House, 4 North Street, Strood, is designated at Grade II for the following principal reasons:
* Architectural interest: as an example of a substantial, detached, early C18 town house which retains evidence of its plan form
* Interior fixtures: some early C18 woodwork survives, notably the majority of the early C18 open-well stair with barley-twist balusters in a rear stair tower, and sections of panelling
* Historic interest: it is one of the few built remnants of pre-C19 Strood, and despite the late-C19 alterations to the front elevation, the building retains a strong early-C18 character.

Listing NGR: TQ7369669324

External Links

• Historic England Listing
• Wikidata Q26608751

External links are from the relevant listing authority and, where applicable, Wikidata. Wikidata IDs may be related buildings as well as this specific building. If you want to add or update a link, you will need to do so by editing the Wikidata entry.

Recommended Books

• 
  Pevsner's Architectural Glossary (Pevsner Architectural Guides: Introductions)
• 
  Georgian Style and Design for Contemporary Living
• 
  ENGLAND GUIDE TO POST WAR LISTED: A Guide to Post-war Listed Buildings
• 
  Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990: Updated version
• 
  [(Shropshire)] [By (author) Nikolaus Pevsner] published on (January, 1958)
• 
  The green guide for historic buildings: how to improve the environmental performance of listed and historic buildings