Description

DARTMOUTH

SX874510 DUKE STREET
673-1/8/111 (North side)
14/09/49 No.12
The Butterwalk

GV I

One of a row of merchants' houses, now a shop with
accommodation above. The row is dated 1635 and 1640, various
minor later alterations and a major renovation programme in
the 1950s after severe bomb blast damage in 1943; David Nye
and Partners of Westminster, London (architect), PW Wilkins
and Sons Ltd. of Torquay (builders). Mixed construction; side
and back walls of stone rubble, front is an ornate display of
timber-framing with plastered upper floor, and the walk
carried on granite piers; stone rubble stacks with C20
rendered brick chimneyshafts to right party wall; slate roof.
PLAN: Smaller than its neighbour, No.10 (qv), it was
originally built backing onto the river. Ground floor recessed
behind the Butterwalk. Built end onto the street, the ground
plan is one room wide and 2 rooms deep with originally a side
passage along right (east) side. A newel stair rises just back
from the front door onto a first-floor landing halfway through
the first-floor level where there is a small unlit and
unheated room between the front and back rooms.
EXTERIOR: 3 storeys with attics; one-window range. Ornate
jettied timber-framed front forming part of a unified front
comprising Nos 6-12 (even) (qv), the houses of the Dartmouth
Butterwalk. The first floor oversails the Butterwalk and is
supported on a carved bressummer on an arcade of granite piers
with moulded capitals under blocks carved with geometric and
heraldic motifs. Recessed shop front is mid C20 with
contemporary door to passage to right. First floor of exposed
timber-framing. Centre rebuilt and contains 7-light mullioned
window containing iron casements and rectangular panes of
leaded glass (a 5-light version on the second floor).
Largely-original moulded small-panel framing each side, the
faces of the original timbers carved with strapwork patterns
and guilloche. End posts are carved as Ionic pilasters on
pedestals underneath carved brackets to second-floor jetties,
paired pilasters on right party wall. Upper jetty has carved
timber fascia boards. Plastered second floor. Original front
gable demolished and C18 timber modillion eaves cornice to
hipped roof. Rear elevation is painted stone rubble to
slate-hung gable and contains mid C20 windows with glazing
bars.
INTERIOR: Exceptionally high quality and well-preserved.
Original features include newel stair rising round pine
mast-like newel post, panelled partitions on first floor
(middle room partition with carved frieze), and the
first-floor front parlour - panelled crosswall, granite
fireplace with carved lintel and imported Dutch brick cheeks
and back; ornamental plaster ceiling, a tour de force by a
Dart Valley plastering `firm' representing the Jesse Tree
(this was restored from the pieces of the original ceiling
which had completely collapsed as a result of the 1943 bomb
blast - Percy Russell includes a photograph of the ceiling
before its restoration complete with the 2 figures which are
now missing). Other C17 features are probably hidden on the
ground and first floors and others probably survive on the
upper floors. Roof not inspected.
HISTORY: This house forms a unit of the Dartmouth Butterwalk,
which is one of the finest rows of merchants' houses dating
from the first half of the C17 anywhere in England. The
Butterwalk was built on reclaimed land as part of the same
scheme which created the New Quay. The western half was leased
to William Gurney in 1628, the eastern half was leased to Mark
Hawkings. Both began to build, but in 1635 William Gurney sold
his part to Hawkings who completed the row by 1640 at a cost
of nearly »2500. The row originally continued one house
further east; the Butterwalk arcade was of 13 granite piers
and is now of 11.
(Freeman, Ray: Dartmouth and its Neighbours: Phillimore:
1990-: P.80-83; Russell, Percy: Dartmouth: 1982-: PL.23; Devon
Buildings: Laithwaite, Michael: Town Houses up to 1660: Devon
Books: 1990-: P.113-5; Devon Buildings: Thorp, John: Wall
Painting and Lime-plaster Decoration: Devon Books: 1990-:
P.136).

Listing NGR: SX8776951406

External Links

• Historic England Listing
• Wikidata Q17527095

External links are from the relevant listing authority and, where applicable, Wikidata. Wikidata IDs may be related buildings as well as this specific building. If you want to add or update a link, you will need to do so by editing the Wikidata entry.

Recommended Books

• 
  Old House Eco Handbook: A Practical Guide to Retrofitting for Energy-Efficiency & Sustainability
• 
  England's Post-War Listed Buildings
• 
  Development and Design of Heritage Sensitive Sites: Strategies for Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas
• 
  Bristol (Pevsner Architectural Guides: City Guides)
• 
  The Victorian House Manual (2nd Edition): How They Were Built, Improvements & Refurbishment, Solutions to All Common Defects - Includes Relevant ... ... Properties (Haynes Manual) (Haynes Manuals)
• 
  Oxfordshire (Pevsner Architectural Guides: Buildings of England)